课程内容

《语法专题-名词性从句》
名词性从句（主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句)
名词性从句的考点：
(1)连接词的选用
(2)语序
(3)时态
(4)和其它从句的区别
名词性从句中的连接词有：
连词   that,whether/if  as if(though),because
连接代词：what/who/which/whose/whom/whatever/whoever/whomever/whichever
连接副词：where/when/why/how/wherever/whenever
连词：引导从句，但在从句中不做成分
that :无词义，不作成分，起连接作用，但不能省去
whether/if: “是否”不作成分，起连接作用
as if(though):“好像”，只连接表语从句（可接状语从句）
because :“因为”，只连接表语从句
连接代词：引导从句，有词义，并在从句中作成分
what(ever):（无论）什么，作主/宾/表/定语
which(ever):(无论）哪一个（些），作主、宾、表、定
who(ever):(无论）谁（主格），作主、宾
whom(ever):(无论）谁（主格），作宾
whose(ever):“(无论）谁的，作定
连接副词：引导从句，有词义，作状语
when(ever):“什么时候”，时间状语
where(ever):“什么地方“，地点状语
how:怎样，方式状语
why:为什么，原因状语
1.主语从句：在句中充当主语的从句
1）(That)he will succeed is certain.
2)(Whether)he will go there is not known.
3)(What)he said is not ture.
4)(Where)he hid the money is to be found out.
5)(Whoever)comes is welcome.
6)It's certain(that)he will succeed.
7)(How) we can help the twins will be discussed at the meeting.
8)(When)they'll start the project has not been decided yet.
考点一：主语从句后置！
为了避免主语太长，句子头重脚轻，经常用it作形式主语，主语从句放在后面作真正的主语。例：
That we shall be late is certain.
It's certain that we shall be late.
1.That the earth is round is known to all.
It's known to all that the earth is round.
2.That you missed the chance is a pity.
It is pity that you missed the chance.
常用it作形式主语的句型
It is well known/reported/thought/said that...
It is clear/necessary/certain/true/doubtful that...
It is a pity/a shame/an honour/that...
It doesn't matter whether...
It seems that...
It happens that...
考点二
主语从句作做主语时，主句中的谓语一般动词用单数。
.What 引导的主语从句，可根据表语决定
.What he needs is a book.
.What he needs are some books.
2.宾语从句：在句中充当宾语的从句（可以作谓语动词、介词、形容词的宾语从句）
1）.They know that the habit will kill them.
2)It all depends on whether they will wupport us.
3)I am afraid that he didn't call me.
4)He made it clear to the public that he did an important and necessary job.
5)I had it necessary that we should do the homewok.
考点一whether 和if 使用区别
1）whether 和if 都可以引导宾语从句
a. 当whether后紧跟or not 时，不用if.
eg:I don't know whether I will stay or not.
I will tell you whether/if he will go there.
b.介词后面跟宾语从句不能用if
eg:I worry about whether I hurt her feeling.
用if 或whether 填空
1.I don't know (whether/if)I'll be free tomorrow.
2.I don't know (whether)or not I'll be free tomorrow.
3.It depends on (whether)we will have enough money.
4.(whether)they can do it matters littles to us.
5.The question is (whether)this book is worth writing.
6.The question(whether)he will go there hasn't been decide.
7.(If)you are not free tomorrow,I'll go without you.
考点二 that 在宾语从句中的省略与保留（引导宾语从句时，一般可以省去但以下除外）
(1)在主+谓+it(形式宾语）+宾补+that,即it做形式宾语时，引导从句（真正宾语）的that 不省略。
We must make it clear(that)we mean what we say.
I don't think it right (that) you leave home without telling your parentss.
(2)由连词and 连接的两个或多个由that引导的宾语从句中，从第二个that开始不省略。
He told me(that)he would come and that he would come on time.
3.表语从句：在句中充当表语的从句，一般放在系动词之后。
作用：对主语进行解释说明
连接词：that/whether/as if/as though/because(if 不引导表语从句）
连接代词：who/whom/whose/which/what
连接副词：when/where/why/how
The question is whether we can rely on him.
That's because we were in need of money at that time.
He looked as if he was going to cry.
That's why I was late.
考点一：because,why表语从句区别
1.He is absent today.It's (because)he is seriously ill.
2.He is seriously ill.That's (why)he is absent today.
注意：
It is/was because ...这是因为...（表原因）
It is/was why...这就是为什么...（表结果）
The reason (why.../for...)is/was that...
做某事的原因是....
4.同位语从句
在句中充当同位语成分，一般跟在一些抽象名词（idea;belief;fact;truth;problem;news;ability,patience,anxiety,answer,order,report,wish,decision,suggeation,doubt,

face,hope,message,promise,question,reply等）后面，对名词作进一步解释说明。
同位语从句常用that(虽不做句子成分，但不能省）引导或链接副词when/where/why/how/whether引导。
1)(The idea)that computers can recognize human voices surprises many people.
2)(Word)came that the headmaster was coming to our class.
3)John kept his (promise)that he would always do anything he could for Mary to make sure of her happiness.
考点一：that同位语从句与that定语从句的区别
从引导词来看：引导词that在同位语从句中是连词，只起连接作用，无具体词义，也不作句子成分，但不可省略；that在定语从句中是关系代词，它在从句中充当一定成分-主语或宾语，有具体词义，作宾语时还可以省略。例如：
a)The factory (that)we visited yesterday is a chemical one.定语从句
b)The news (that)he will leave for Shanghai is true.同位语从句