课程内容
高中英语《自然的力量 Unit 5 The power of nature（Part 3）》（选修6）
Grammar
Revising the-ing form
1.动词-ing形式作状语
时间
Walking along the street,I met Mary.(=While I was walking along the street...)
在街上走的时候，我遇到了玛丽。
原因
Being tired,I stopped to take a rest.(=Because I was tired,...)
因为疲倦，我停下来休息。
条件
Turning to the left,you will find the school.(=If you turn to the left,...)
向左走，你就会找到那个学校。
让步
Knowing where I live,he never come to see me.(=Though he knows where I live,...)
尽管他知道我的住处，但从不来看我。
伴随
I stood there,waiting for her.(=...,and waited for her.)
我站在那儿等她。
结果
It rained heavily,causing sever flooding in the area.(=It rained heavily so that it caused sever flooding in the area.)
在这个地方雨下的如此大，以至引发了洪灾。
2.动词-ing形式的完成式
句型
主动 having +p.p.....
主语+谓语
被动   (Having been )+p.p...
主语+谓语
用法  *-ing形式的完成式所表示的时间在谓语动词之前
*表示被动可直接用过去分词
例句  having finished my work,I went home.(After I had finished my work,...)
工作做完之后，我就回家了。
(Having been)written in haste,the book has some faults.
这本书因仓促写成，所以有些缺憾。
3.使用-ing形式需注意的几个问题。
分词（短语）作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致。如果不一致，必须用独立主格结构来表示，也就是在分词前面加上它的逻辑主语。
My wife had a long talk with Sally,explaining why she didn't want the children to play together.
我妻子与莎莉谈了很长时间，解释她为什么不想让孩子们在一起玩。
(现在分词explaining是句子主语my wife做的动作，它们之间是主动关系，即explaining的逻辑主语，就是句子的主语my wife)
The train having gone,we had to wait another day.(the train逻辑主语+having gone即为独立主格结构）
分词短语做状语时，前面可以加上连词或介词，但是分词短语和句子之间不能用并列分词（如but,and),因为并列连词接的是两个并列成分，而分词短语只是全局的一个状语部分，分词和主语之间可用逗号。
When seeing from the top of the hill,you can enjoy the whole beauty of the city.
误：Having been told many times,but he still couldn't understand it.
正：He was told many times,but he still couldn't understand it.
=Having been told many times,he still couldn't understand it.
真题演练
1."You can't catch me!"Janet shouted,( B)away.
A run    B running    C to run    D ran
解析：running away在此作shouted的伴随状语，由Janet 发出这一动作。
2.The storm left,(D)a lot of damage to this area.
A caused   B to have caused   C to cause    D having caused
解析：题意：暴雨过去了，只留下给这一地区造成的巨大损害。由上下文逻辑意义看，此处应表示自然而然的结果，故用现在分词作结果状语。
3.（ C）in the queue for half an hour,Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home.
A To wait     B Have waited    C Having waited    D To have waited
解析：此处为现在分词的完成式作时间状语，表明该动作发生在realized之前。
4.（A）such heavy pollution already,it may now be too late to clean up the river.
A Having suffered     B Sufffered   C To suffer   D Suffered
解析：由alraedy提示，分词动作发生在谓语之前，故须用分词的完成式。
5.The secretary worked all night long,(B)a long speech for the president.
A to prepare   B preparing   C prepared   D was preparing
解析：非谓语动词充当伴随状语，与主语the secretary是主动关系，因此用v-ing形式.
Homewrok
Remember the grammar rules.